[Popular Science World] How are pesticide residue limit standards established?

Pesticide residue standards include pesticide residue limit standards (i.e. maximum residue limits), pesticide residue detection method standards, etc. Among them, the pesticide residue limit standards in food or edible agricultural products are the most relevant to consumers. The pesticide residue limit standard is a safety value calculated using risk assessment technology based on the toxicity of pesticides, the amount of pesticide residues in agricultural products, people's food consumption structure, etc.

Like developed countries such as Europe, the United States, and Japan, my country adopts internationally accepted risk assessment techniques and methods and formulates pesticide residue limit standards based on the principle of risk maximization. The specific methods and steps are as follows: First, based on the needs of agricultural production, processing, circulation, consumption, import and export and the actual situation of pesticide use, determine the agricultural products (or foods) and pesticide combinations that need to establish residue limit standards; then carry out pesticide residue Degradation simulation dynamic tests, national dietary structure surveys and pesticide toxicology studies respectively obtain the residue values (including intermediate values, maximum residue values, etc.) of pesticides remaining in agricultural products (or food) under normal use, and dietary data of Chinese consumers. (The daily consumption quantity of each edible agricultural product or food in different regions, different ages, and different genders) and the toxicity of pesticides (including daily allowable intake, acute reference dose, etc.), and on this basis, carry out dietary intake of pesticide residues Risk assessment was carried out, and the recommended value of the pesticide residue limit standard was obtained. Finally, after being reviewed and approved by the National Food Safety Pesticide Residue Standard Review Committee, it was jointly promulgated and implemented by the National Health Commission and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. In addition to the above technical factors, national interests sometimes need to be considered when formulating pesticide residue limit standards. For example, for agricultural products that need to be imported or pesticides that are not produced in the country, the residue limit standards are usually set more stringently. It is important to point out that when formulating pesticide residue limit standards, the maximum possible risk is the basis, that is, the strictest safety requirements are implemented; on this basis, a safety factor of at least 100 times must be increased. For example, if food When a certain pesticide residue is 10 mg/kg, safety risks may occur, so the standard is set to 0.1 mg/kg.

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